I have a store in the comic world

Chapter 233 The Miraculous Nobili Ring

When he repeated a certain word in the hunter's words, an idea suddenly flashed in his mind. Then Zhou Wenwen thought of what he had said in the book and suddenly became excited.

Because this really can happen! Of course, many people may not have heard of this experiment.

"Nobili ring experiment," Zhou Wenwen suddenly said.

The hunter was about to continue to persuade his master. When he heard the master's words, he was stunned for a moment, and then fell into silence.

Zhou Wenwen continued to explain, "In the Nobili ring experiment... (N paragraph is omitted) In short, the Nobili ring experiment is during the oxidation process of the electrolytic object, through the principle of thin film interference, in the manufacturing of the object Make several circles.”

Assume that a beam of light waves is irradiated on the film. Due to the different refractive index, the light waves will be reflected by the upper and lower interfaces of the film respectively, and new light waves will be formed due to mutual interference. This phenomenon is called thin film interference.

A soap bubble is a thin film, but its surface thickness is not uniform. Light is made up of red, green, and blue light waves, and different colors are reflected from surfaces.

Light is a wave, and different colors of light waves have different wavelengths. When a light wave strikes a translucent film, part of the light is reflected back by the upper surface, another part is reflected back by the lower surface, and the remaining light is transmitted through.

A blue light shines on the surface of the soap bubble. You can see that part of the light is reflected back by the upper surface, another part is reflected back by the lower surface, and the remaining light is transmitted through. At this position, the thickness of the soap bubble corresponds to the length of the wave, so that the light waves reflected from the upper and lower surfaces overlap perfectly, forming a very strong blue reflected light.

Assume that red light hits the same point on the soap bubble. Because the wavelength of red light is relatively long, the light reflected from the upper and lower surfaces does not overlap well. They weaken each other and cannot form a strong red reflection.

However, when the soap bubble is thicker, the red light waves will overlap and the blue light waves will weaken each other, making the soap bubble look red.

Dark patterns correspond to different inclination angles. This interference is called isoclinal interference. Isoclinic interference generally uses an expanded light source and is observed through a lens.

When the upper and lower surfaces of the film reflect light at the same time, the total reflected light deficiency is the sum of the reflected light from the two parts.

Due to the wave nature of light, reflected light from two interfaces may interfere constructively (increase in intensity) or interfere destructively (decrease in intensity), depending on their phase relationship.

The phase relationship depends on the different optical path lengths of the two reflected lights, which depend on the film thickness, optical constants, and wavelength.

In addition, when light enters a dense medium from a sparse medium and is reflected, the phase of the light will rotate 180 degrees (i must be +12), so when the optical path difference 2nd = (i + 12) λ, the two sets of reflected lights interfere constructively; on the contrary , when the optical path difference 2nd=iλ, the two sets of reflected lights have opposite phases, so the interference is destructive.

(d is the film thickness, i is an integer, 2 is because the light reflected from the lower surface passes through the film twice)

It can be seen that the reflectivity of the film changes periodically with 1 wavelength (reciprocal of wavelength). Thicker films have more oscillations in a given wavelength range, while thinner films have fewer, often incomplete, oscillations in a given wavelength range.

The optical path difference formula of two coherent lights in thin film interference is Δ=2ntcos(θt)±λ2, where n is the refractive index of the thin film.

t is the film thickness at the incident point; θt is the refraction angle in the film; ±λ2 is due to the two coherent beams of light at two interfaces with different properties (one is the optically sparse-optically dense interface, the other is the optically dense-optically sparse interface ) additional optical path difference caused by upper reflection.

If you want to make a Nobili ring experiment, you need an electrolytic solution containing acid and lead, a metal sheet that can be electrolyzed, a DC power supply, wires, anodes and cathodes.

Coincidentally, Zhou Wenwen has these things, or they are substitutes.

Under Zhou Wenwen's order, the hunter had no choice but to start working on the electrolytic solution containing acid and lead. The hunter chose lead acetate solution and silver lead subacid solution.

The former often appears on the earth, and the latter is a mixed solution made by hunters using sub-acid liquid obtained from the acid mud monsters in this world as the main material, and supplemented by silver water and lead water. In the electrolysis test comparison, Subacid can make objects react better, but the disadvantage is that it is difficult for objects to maintain their original shape.

Therefore, hunters add silver water and lead water as supplements, so that after the object is taken out, it can be coated with a silver reflective film.

As a metal piece that could be electrolyzed, the hunter chose a piece of nickel that was disassembled from the overclocking armor. After the wires, anodes and cathodes were also found from the overclocking armor, the remaining DC power source trapped the hunter.

Direct current, DirectCurrent, referred to as DC, also known as "constant current", constant current is a type of direct current, which is a direct current that does not change in size and direction.

In 1747, Franklin of the United States proposed the law of conservation of charge based on experiments and defined the terms positive and negative electricity.

Constant current means that the magnitude (voltage level) and direction (positive and negative poles) do not change with time (within a relative range), such as dry batteries.

Pulsating DC means that the direction (positive and negative poles) does not change, but the magnitude changes with time.

For example, after rectifying 50Hz alternating current with a diode, a typical pulsating direct current is obtained, and half-wave rectification obtains a 50Hz pulsating direct current.

If full-wave or bridge rectification is used, the pulsating DC current of 100Hz will be obtained. They will only become smooth DC current after being filtered (using an inductor or capacitor). Of course, there is still a pulsating component (called ripple coefficient), and the size depends on the filtering. The filtering effect of the circuit

Direct current is also a unidirectional flow or movement of electric charges, usually electrons, with the current density changing over time, but usually the direction of movement being the same at all times.

And as an adjective, DC can be used for a reference voltage (its polarity never changes).

In a DC circuit, electrons form from the cathode, negative pole, and negative magnetic pole and move toward the anode, positive pole, and positive magnetic pole.

Direct current is generally produced by electrochemical and photovoltaic cells and batteries, but in most countries the current flowing from equipment is alternating current AC.

Fortunately, alternating current can be converted to direct current through a power supply consisting of a converter, a rectifier (to prevent the current from flowing in the opposite direction), and a filter (to eliminate jumps in the current flowing out of the rectifier).

And virtually all electronic and computer hardware requires DC power to work.

Most solid-state devices require voltages ranging from 1.5 to 13.5 volts.

Current requirements range from close to 0 in electronic watches to over 100 amps required in wireless communication energy amplifiers.

Devices that use vacuum tubes, such as high-power wireless or television broadcast transmitters or cathode ray tube (CRT) displays, require DC currents ranging from about 150 volts to several thousand volts.

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